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彩神平台2023-01-31 16:05

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中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

Windows 7落幕 硬件市场准备好了吗******

  北京时间1月10日,Windows 7操作系统将结束ESU,即付费外延扩展支持,对于企业用户来说,即便是想再掏钱,微软也不会再下发安全补丁了。在运营了14年之后,微软这款经典产品告别市场,随着软件不断更新升级,硬件真的准备好了吗?

  系统“走太快”

  资料显示,Windows 7发布于2009年10月,2015年结束主流支持,2020年结束外延支持,随后微软上线了ESU,允许通过付费的方式订阅安全补丁。据了解, 虽然微软官方已经暂停Windows 7的维护,但是安装了Windows 7的用户,依然可以继续使用。

  虽然从2020年开始,Windows 7便开始了下线倒计时,许多用户不得已开始升级至Windows 10,但值得关注的是,不少用户升级后便删除了该系统,转回了Windows 8.1的出厂设置系统,而怀念Windows 7的声音则开始发酵,数据也反映了这一点,截至2019年10月,Windows 7市场占有率仍接近57%。

  朱先生是一名国企职工,疫情居家办公期间,他常用自己的笔记本电脑处理一些表单,他向北京商报记者表示,虽然现在已经习惯于Windows 10,但上手之初却感到诸多不便,觉得新系统太过花哨,例如Windows 10有两套界面风格,即Win23和UWP,界面风格不统一,而更改设置的地方则有两个,即控制面板和“设置”,这些新的设计并未增强使用体验,反而容易让用户混淆。

  不过更多的声音反映Windows 10比此前的版本更慢,北京商报记者在微博等平台发现,不少用户称Windows 10和自己手里面老旧的电脑不相匹配,界面闪退、电脑蓝屏等问题并不少见,就连开机用时也比此前的Windows 7长了不少,更加花哨的Windows 10自然也多出不少后台进程,让一些搭载了i5处理器的用户也感觉“带不动”。

  电脑“卖不动”

  尽管如此,微软更新的脚步丝毫不慢,2021年10月,微软推出了Windows 11,据悉,Windows 11会保持一年一更的节奏,每年下半年上线,支持时间24个月,而企业客户则为36个月。

  实际上,微软并非意识不到老电脑用户对新系统的抵触,微软在官网支持页面中写道:“大多数Windows 7设备将不符合升级到Windows 11的硬件要求,作为替代方案,兼容的Windows 7电脑可以通过购买和安装完整版本的软件升级到Windows 10。”

  产业观察家洪仕斌认为,微软作为软件大厂,在一定程度上已经察觉到软件、硬件的更新速度不一,尤其近年来个人电脑出货下滑明显,用户换新电脑的周期越来越长,这些因素不利于新版系统的铺开。

  数据也佐证了这一点,据分析机构Canalys发布数据,2022年三季度个人电脑遭遇需求大幅下滑,台式机和笔记本电脑在三季度的总出货量同比下降18%至6940万台,其中,笔记本电脑出货量受影响最大,同比下降19%至5470万台。

  洪仕斌指出,从大背景看,近年来持续的疫情以及多国经济下行叠加高通胀影响,让消费电子市场笼罩着一片愁云惨雾,从个人PC这一品类来看,如今越来越多的电子产品都能作为互联网入口,无疑分摊掉了许多PC电脑方面的需求,而更为重要的是,尽管市场上游戏本依旧是一重要品类,不过从整体PC产业来看,它并没有踏上如今游戏、社交需求的风口,反而是手机以肉眼可见的速度变得愈发智能,承担了以上需求。

  专家指出,面对此种情况,整机厂商或应考虑对笔记本功能的进一步细分,将更多精力放置在轻薄本、独显本这样的办公刚需品类,游戏本尽管能够撑起高端产品条线,但其毕竟属于改善型消费,在个人消费日益谨慎的今天恐增长有限,突出电脑生产工具属性的同时,进一步改善成本结构,下探价格或是当前较为实际的策略。

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